专利摘要:
The invention relates to a vehicle comprising at least one wheel rotatable about a rotation axis. The vehicle includes a wheel well, the wheel well comprising a peripheral wall that at least partially surrounds an outer periphery of the wheel. The wheelhouse has an open side to one side of the vehicle. In a circumferential direction of the wheel, a radial distance between the outer periphery of the wheel and the peripheral wall of the wheel house is constant. In a direction parallel to the axis of rotation to the open side of the wheel well, the radial distance between the outer circumference of the wheel and the peripheral wall of the wheel well increases.
公开号:AT14589U1
申请号:TGM50191/2014U
申请日:2014-12-10
公开日:2016-02-15
发明作者:
申请人:Lely Patent Nv;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

description
VEHICLE WITH AT LEAST ONE WHEEL AND ONE WHEEL CHAIN TECHNICAL AREA
The invention relates to a vehicle comprising at least one wheel rotatable about a rotation axis and a Radkas¬ten surrounding the wheel over a part of an outer periphery of the wheel, which has an open side facing away from the vehicle.
STATE OF THE ART
The wheels of a vehicle constitute a danger to their environment. Many references, such as EP0755339B1, US 2,774,610, US 5,313,189, US D657,293 S and CA 2,077,069, have addressed this security problem.
This danger has a specific character in vehicles used between animals, such as on a cattle farm, because animals are unable to estimate the danger of a moving vehicle very well. In particular, unmanned, autonomous vehicles pose a danger to animals because no operator is present.
A particular danger to animals arises from the danger that tails can be trapped between a wheel and a wheel arch. The tail may be dragged along by the rotational movement of the wheel and could become trapped between the wheel and the wheelhouse as the vehicle moves. This may result in injury to the animal and / or damage to the vehicle.
SHORT DESCRIPTION
An object is to provide a vehicle in which at least one of the above-mentioned dangers is reduced.
This object is achieved by an above-mentioned autonomous mobile vehicle for use in an environment in which animals are kept, such as an animal shed comprising at least one wheel rotatable about a rotation axis and a part of an outer periphery of the wheel Rad's surrounding wheel arch having an open side facing away from the vehicle open side, wherein a radial distance between the outer circumference of the wheel and the wheel well in a direction extending to the open side of the wheel well parallel to the axis of rotation increases monotonically.
&Quot; increase monotonically " herein means "to increase everywhere or to increase over part of the distance, while remaining constant elsewhere", in other words, to increase overall, and nowhere to decrease. Furthermore, the peripheral wall of the wheel house is formed as a curved wall which surrounds the wheel, but only over part of the outer circumference and (of course) not completely.
By providing a monotonically increasing radial distance between the outer circumference of the wheel and the circumferential wall of the wheel well in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation to the open side of the wheel arch, the tail can be withdrawn from the annular gap between the wheel and the wheel arch without is hit on an obstruction / constriction. Thus, such a vehicle has improved animal safety, especially for animal body parts that may get stuck between the wheel and the wheelhouse.
It should be noted that the safety problem addressed by the present invention is particularly relevant to unmanned, autonomously moving vehicles, since there is no operator present who can prevent hazards by preventive measures. Unmanned, autonomously moving vehicles may generally react only to accidents that have already occurred.
In the dependent claims as well as in the following description particular embodiments are given.
According to one embodiment, the radial distance between the outer circumference of the wheel and the wheel housing in a circumferential direction of the wheel is substantially constant over the part and in particular changes by less than 20%. By providing a constant radial distance between the outer periphery of the wheel and the peripheral wall of the wheelhouse in a circumferential direction, it is ensured that when a tail is dragged by a wheel and enters the gap between the wheel and the wheelhouse, the tail does not midway a narrowing or the like hits. This ensures that the tail can be released at the end of the gap on the other side of the wheel and does not get stuck. It should be noted that the radial distance is measured in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
According to an embodiment, the vehicle is arranged to move in a forward movement direction, and the radial distance between the outer periphery of the wheel and the circumferential wall of the wheel house increases in a circumferential direction corresponding to a rotational direction of the wheel when the vehicle is moving in the advancing direction This ensures that, in spite of everything, when a tail or the like ends between the wheel and the wheel housing, it is released at the end of the gap, without encountering obstacles or the like. The broadening of the gap reduces the risk of injury even further compared to the situation with constant spacing.
According to one embodiment, the circumferential wall of the wheel house surrounds the wheel at an angle of more than 180 °, preferably over 200 ° and more preferably over 240 °. According to one embodiment, the peripheral wall of the wheel well comprises two end edges which are substantially parallel to the axis of rotation and which both are positioned substantially at a height below a height of the rotation axis. This embodiment shields the wheel at least to a degree, thereby minimizing the risk of a tail or other body part of an animal being caught by the wheel and entering the gap between the wheel and the wheel well. The end edges are positioned, for example, at a distance below the axis of rotation which is at least 50% of a radial distance between the axis of rotation and the peripheral wall of the wheel house. The edges are substantially parallel to the axis of rotation. For vehicles having a clearly defined forward direction of travel, the edges may be referred to as a leading edge and a trailing edge.
According to one embodiment, when the vehicle is positioned on a ground, the two end edges are positioned at a height above the ground of less than 25 cm, especially about 5 cm. This measure also contributes to reducing the risk of a tail, claw or the like entering the gap between the wheel and the wheel housing.
According to one embodiment, the radial distance between the outer periphery of the wheel and the wheel arch increases along a direction parallel to the axis of rotation, preferably linear, strictly monotonous. This means that the gap between the wheel and the wheel house tapers in a strictly monotonous manner when penetrated from the outside to a center of the vehicle. This is an important feature in that it ensures that the captured body part of the animal is easily released as it is withdrawn from the gap, as the body part of the animal is always brought to a wider part of the gap by its outward movement. Thus, a natural reflex of the animal is rewarded with the ready release of any unintentionally sensed body part. The risk of injury is thus greatly reduced. With a non-tapered nip, and when a body part that fits snugly into the gap is retracted, eventually any accidental rubbing action with the wheel or wheel box could cause localized thickening of the body part, again causing more friction and sticking of the body part leads. This is prevented in the case of a tapered gap. The gap may taper in any shape or curve, although a linear shape is advantageous, as this ensures the fastest release at any depth of penetration into the gap. With a linear shape, the peripheral wall of the wheel house is formed as part of a cone. The linear increase can lead to a Winkel of, for example, 5 ° between the peripheral wall of the wheel well and the axis of rotation, although any other angle is also possible.
According to one embodiment, the radial distance between the wheel arch and the outer circumference of the wheel in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation to the open side of the wheel arch, for example, increases from 2 cm on an inner side of the wheel to a maximum of 5 cm. This will ensure that if there is still a tail between the wheel and the wheelhouse, it will not get stuck, as there is virtually no constriction for the tail on its way out.
According to one embodiment, the radial distance between the outer circumference of the wheel and the wheel housing increases linearly at a first rate over a first part of the peripheral wall along the axis of rotation, and the radial distance between the outer circumference of the wheel and the wheel box increases at a second rate second part of the circumferential wall along the axis of rotation linear to, wherein the first and the second part juxtaposed, wherein the second part is closer to the open side of the wheel well than the first part and the first rate is greater than the second rate. The peripheral wall thus comprises two adjacent peripheral wall parts, the first part forming a larger angle with respect to the axis of rotation than a second part, the second part being closer to the open side of the wheelhouse. Of course, more than two wall parts may be provided, with the radial distance between the outer circumference of the wheel and the peripheral wall of the wheel arch for wall parts closer to the open side of the wheel house increasing at a lower rate.
According to one embodiment, the wheel extends beyond a side edge of the Rad¬ box.
According to one embodiment, the vehicle is arranged to carry out one or more of the following animal-related actions: milking milk animals, cleaning a stable floor, moving food lying on a stable floor, distributing food. These tasks are advantageously performed by an unmanned, mobile vehicle, although other tasks, such as the monitoring or administration of drugs, etc., are not excluded. Such vehicles can be used in stables where animals are present and there is a risk that tails of the animals end up in the space between the wheel and the wheelhouse. The vehicle may, for example, comprise feed shifting means arranged to displace feed in a substantially sideways direction of displacement with respect to a forward direction of travel of the vehicle. Alternatively or in addition, the vehicle may be used for feeding, the unmanned vehicle being provided with a storage container for receiving food and a discharge device for discharging food to the ground. Details of the actions associated with the animal itself are found in EP1933168, the LelyDiscovery®, the Lely Juno®, and the Lely Vector®, respectively. However, these details are not considered relevant to the present invention.
Further, the invention relates to an environment in which animals are kept, such as an animal house, with a vehicle according to the present invention. Such a stable has the advantage of being safer for animals such as dairy animals housed in it.
In particular, the environment is provided with position indicators, such as Leitstrahlsen¬dern or metal strips that can be detected by the vehicle. Such position indicators are useful for guiding the vehicle to perform the animal related action.
[0022] Further, the invention relates to the use of a vehicle according to the present invention in an environment where animals are kept, such as an animal house with at least one animal, allowing the vehicle to move within the range of the animal and performing an animal-related act, in particular milking the animal, cleaning a soil of the environment, displacing food lying on the ground, or distributing food. The advantages are similar to those described above.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Embodiments will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings in which like reference numerals indicate corresponding parts; In the drawings: FIG. 1 shows schematically a perspective view of a vehicle according to a vehicle
Embodiment, FIG. 2 shows schematically a side view of a vehicle according to an embodiment, [0026] FIG. 3 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a vehicle according to an embodiment, [0027] FIG. 4 shows schematically a cross-sectional view of a vehicle according to another
Embodiment and [0028] FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a vehicle according to another embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Embodiments will be described with reference to the figures.
Figures 1-3 show a perspective view, a side view and a cross-sectional view of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 1 may be a vehicle 1 for use in an environment in which animals are present, in particular a vehicle for use in a stable.
The vehicle 1 is preferably an unmanned vehicle arranged for autonomous movement and navigation, that is, without direct control by a human operator.
Autonomous mobile vehicles for performing many different functions as well as the control of such vehicles are known per se and therefore will not be described in detail here. The automatic charging of the power supply of the vehicle and the automatic loading and unloading of other materials in containers provided on the vehicle or out of these are also known.
The vehicle 1 may be arranged for cleaning a stable floor, where it pushes lying on the stable floor lining and / or pushes feed to the animals.
The vehicle 1 includes a plurality of wheels 2. The vehicle may include two wheels and one or more support surfaces arranged to contact the ground 7 to balance the vehicle 1. It is understood that the vehicle 1 may comprise three or more wheels.
Two wheels 2 can be driven separately by separate drives 11, 12. The drives 11, 12 may be controlled by a control unit 13 which separately controls the drives 11, 12 for steering the vehicle 1.
The vehicle 1 may be provided with positioning devices that provide inputs via a (relative) position and / or orientation of the vehicle for the control unit 13 for navigating the vehicle 1 and controlling the drives 11, 12.
An example of a positioning device may be a distance determining device (not shown), for example an ultrasonic sensor, for determining the distance from the vehicle 1 to a wall, such as a feed fence.
Another example of a positioning device is an alignment device (not shown), for example in the form of a gyroscope, for determining the alignment of a center line of the vehicle 1. Alternative orientation determination devices can also be used. such as an electronic compass or a camera with image recognition equipment.
Another example of a positioning device can be gebil¬det by a receiver, which is arranged to calculate a position based on Leitstrahlsendern, such as for example satellite or land-based beacon transmitters. Land-based Leitstrahl¬sender can be provided within or near a work area of the vehicle, such as in the stall.
Another example of a positioning device may be a sensor for detecting objects in the vicinity of the vehicle, such as beacon transmitters or other position indicators, which are provided in the stable.
The stable can be provided with position indicators, such as, for example, beacon transmitters or metal strips, which are provided in the stable floor and can be detected by the vehicle.
In another example of a positioning device may be a Radumdrehungszählersein, which counts the number of revolutions of the wheels for calculating a zurückstrestrecke. The wheel revolution counter may be provided with a slip detector for correcting slippage of the wheels.
The control unit 13 is via electrical wires or, if desired, wirelessly with one or more positioning devices for receiving information about the (relative) position and / or orientation of the vehicle 1, calculating a direction of movement and corresponding commands of the drives 11 , 12 connected.
The unmanned autonomous vehicle 1 may be provided with a (not shown) Energieversor-gung which is charged via sideways arranged charging strips, which can be brought into contact with a La¬devorrichtung, rechargeable. Among other things, other ways of charging the power supply, such as inductive means, are mentioned in the above mentioned patents.
As shown in the figures, the vehicle 1 comprises at least one wheel 2, which is rotatable about a rotation axis RA, and a corresponding wheel well 4, as described in more detail below.
It is understood that the vehicle 1 may of course comprise two or more wheels 2 with such a respective wheel house 4. However, it should also be understood that the vehicle may itself be provided for movement along a feeding fence or the like, with an equal side of the vehicle facing the feeding fence and thus the animals. In such a case, the vehicle 1 may thus comprise only one wheel 2 and one corresponding wheel well 4 according to the following description.
The wheel arch 4 comprises a peripheral wall 5, which is provided konzentrentrisch with respect to the axis of rotation RA and has an outer periphery 3 of the wheel 2. The peripheral wall 5 extends between two end edges 6, which run essentially parallel to a rotation axis RA. The end edges 6 are at the same height above the ground 7 and at a height below the axis of rotation RA.
The peripheral wall 5 is further limited by a curved side edge 8.
Between the peripheral wall 5 and the outer periphery 3 of the wheel 2 is a radial distance R, which is shown in Figures 2 and 3. This radial distance R is constant in a circumferential direction (with respect to the rotation axis RA), but increases in the axial direction (with respect to the rotation axis RA) in a direction running toward the open side of the vehicle 1.
As best seen in Figure 3, the wheel 2 extends beyond the curved side edge 8 of the wheel house 4 with a distance L out. Distance L can be a value in the range 0-50% of the width of the wheel.
As can be seen most clearly in FIG. 2, the circumferential wall 5 follows the outer circumference 3 of the wheel 2 over an angle α of more than 180 °, preferably over 200 ° and particularly preferably over 240 °. This leads to relatively low end edges 6, which reduces the risk that tails in the gap between the wheel 2 and the wheel house 4 end. The entrails 6 are preferably less than 25 cm above the bottom 7.
The radial distance R between the peripheral wall 5 and the outer periphery 3 of the wheel 2 has a maximum value of 5 cm, although other and in particular smaller values such as 2 cm are possible.
Such a gap minimizes the risk of tails ending between the wheel 2 and the wheel box 4.
The radial distance R between the peripheral wall 5 and the outer periphery 3 of the wheel 2 has a minimum value of 2 cm, although other values are possible, for example, depending on the cleanliness of the environment. Such a gap minimizes the danger of contact between the wheel 2 and the wheel house 4. Further, smaller gaps may cause problems since dirt from the floor 7 may terminate in the gap between the wheel 2 and the wheel house 4, resulting in friction between the wheel 2 and the wheel box 4 or for clamping the wheel 2, if the minimum distance is chosen smaller, could lead.
FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment in which the wheel arch 4 is shaped such that the radial distance R between the outer circumference 3 of the wheel 2 and the peripheral wall 5 of the wheel arch 4 extends at a first rate over a first part 5 'of the peripheral wall Rotary axis RA increases linearly and the radial distance R between the outer periphery 3 of the wheel 2 and the peripheral wall 5 of the wheel house 4 increases linearly at a second rate over a second part 5 "of the peripheral wall along the axis of rotation RA. The first and second parts 5 ', 5 "are adjacent. The second part 5 "is closer to the open side of the wheel arch 4 than the first part 5 ', and the first rate is greater than the second rate.
Figure 5 schematically shows a side view of an alternative embodiment in which the radial distance R between the outer circumference 3 of the wheel 2 and the peripheral wall 5 of the wheel box 4 in a circumferential direction of rotation of the wheel 2 assumes a circumferential direction when the vehicle in a Forward movement direction M moves. The Vorwärts¬bewegungsrichtung M may emerge from the layout of the vehicle 1. For example, the vehicle 1 may comprise a feed slide device for pushing food lying on the stall floor, which is usually mounted on a front side of the vehicle 1.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the description and practice of the invention disclosed herein. The description and examples are intended to be exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
权利要求:
Claims (9)
[1]
Claims 1. An unmanned, autonomously mobile vehicle (1) for use in an environment in which animals are kept, such as an animal house, comprising at least one wheel (2) rotatable about a rotation axis (RA) and passing the wheel over a part of an Au Wheel housing (4) surrounding the wheel (2), which has an open side facing away from the vehicle (1), characterized in that a radial distance (R) between the outer circumference (3) of the wheel (2 ) and the wheel arch (4) monotonically increase in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation (RA) towards the open side of the wheel house (4) and that the wheel arch (4) surrounds the wheel (2) through at least 180 ° (a).
[2]
2. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial distance (R) zwi¬schen the outer circumference (3) of the wheel (2) and the wheel arch (4) in a Umfangsrich¬tung the wheel (2) over the part in Is essentially constant.
[3]
A vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle is arranged to move in a forward movement direction and the radial distance (R) between the outer periphery (3) of the wheel (2) and the wheel housing (4) in a direction of rotation of the wheel ( 2) corresponding circumferential direction increases as the vehicle moves in the forward direction of travel.
[4]
4. Vehicle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the wheel housing (4) surrounds the wheel (2) over an angle (a) of at least 200 ° and particularly preferably at least 240 °.
[5]
A vehicle (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wheel box (4) comprises two end edges (6) substantially parallel to the axis of rotation (RA) and both substantially at a height below a height the Dreh¬ axis (RA) are positioned.
[6]
A vehicle (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that, when the vehicle is positioned on a floor (7), the two end edges are positioned at a height above the floor (7) of less than 25 cm.
[7]
A vehicle (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the radial distance (R) between the outer circumference (3) of the wheel (2) and the wheel arch (4) is along a direction parallel to the axis of rotation (RA) , preferably linear, strictly monotonically increasing.
[8]
8. Vehicle (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the radial distance (R) between the wheel arch (4) and the outer periphery (3) of the wheel (2) in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation (RA) to the open For example, from 2 cm on an inside of the wheel (2) to a second value such as 5 cm on the open side of the wheel house increases.
[9]
A vehicle (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the radial distance (R) between the outer circumference (3) of the wheel (2) and the wheel arch (4) is at a first rate via a first part (5 ') of the peripheral wall increases linearly along the axis of rotation (RA) and the radial distance (R) between the outer circumference (3) of the wheel (2) and the wheel arch (4) at a second rate over a second part (5 ") of the peripheral wall along the The axis of rotation (RA) increases linearly with the first and second parts (5 ', 5 ") juxtaposed, the second part (5") being closer to the open side of the wheelbox (4) than the first part (5') and first rate is greater than the second rate. 4 sheets of drawings
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法律状态:
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
NL2011958A|NL2011958C2|2013-12-13|2013-12-13|Vehicle comprising at least one wheel and a wheel housing.|
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